Apparatus for dyeing and wet-treating of fabric



June 93 w. FYEHRMANN Y 1,765,912

APPARATUS FOR DYEING AND WET TREATING OF- FABRIC Filed June 7, 1927 Mania? Patented June 24, 1930 UNITED STATES WOLDEMAR FEHRMANN, OF D'RESDEN-STREHLEN, GERMANY APPARATUS FOR DYEING AND WET-TREATING OF FABRIC Application filed June 7, 1927, 'Scria1 No. 197,166, and in Germany February 15,1925.

In order to accommodate fabrics, in such quantities as are to be dealt with in the wholesale manufacture, in the treating-tanks of the apparatus in which the liquid circulates, the fabrics must be brought into a-compact form, and if .treated in folded form, ir-

' regularities and the creases can not be avoided. It has long been recognized that r the, winding of the fabric around a perforated cylinder is most convenient. Experiments have however shown that the holes of the cylinder through which the dyeing liquid circulates cause in the layers of fabric color spots of the shape of the holes, and one has hitherto not succeeded in creating a cylinder, which permits of an absolute uniform distribution of the liquid over the entire cylinder surface. There was further no sufficient packing of theend faces of the roll of fabric so that at these ends a more intensive circulation of the bath at thevariations of volume of the roll during the treatment is prevented.

This invention solves these problems by winding several layers of braided or woven wire around the portions of the material carrier which are permeable to the liquid, and consisting generally of perforated sheet metal. A thick cover is formed so that the liquid when traversing .this cover is uniformly distributed. By making this cover from several layers, for instance thick-wire netting for the first layer, wire cloth for the middle-layer and wire-gauze for the surface face of this roll of fabric is pressed against the bottom of the tank, a cap being arranged at the point of this bottom designed to receive the end of the cylinder projecting from the roll of fabric, or the end face of the roll of the cover, the said perforated sheet-metal of fabric is pressed against a cap-shaped. disc on the bottom plate of the tank.

An embodiment of the invention is shown, by. way of example, in the accompanying drawing in which the only figure shows a 65 longitudinal section of a carrier for fabrics mounted for use.

The cylinder, around which the fabric 1 to be treated is wound, consists of'rods or laths 2, 3, which form together with the cylindrical end-pieces 4, 5 a reel and 'is cov-" ered by several superposed layers 6 first of coarseand then of finer-meshed wire gauze. The lower end piece 5 has an aperture 7 through which the liquid circulates. On the bottom plate of the tank 8 a cap 9 is ar- I ranged designed to receive the end of the cylinder which projects from the roll of fabric 1. This cap is connected with the liquid-tube 10; the other liquid tube 11 taps into the upper" portion ofthe tank 8. Through the two liquid tubes liquid is conveyed by means of a pump or of any other orcing device in a manner known per se to'orfrom the tank 8'. The cap disc 12 is pressed against the upper end face of the roll of fabric 1 by a splral spring 13 fixed on thieglid of the tank, the lower end face of I the roll-of fabric being pressed against the 'bottomplate ofthe tank whereby both end so faces of the rollgof fabric are tightly packedindependently of shortening or other alterations ofvolume during the wet-treatment at changing temperature.

The spring 13 might also be arranged out- 86 side the tank, the pressure of this spring being transferred by means of a rod traversing a stufiing box upon the lid of the tank, the tension of said spring being adapted to be 1 regulated during the working by means of 90 nuts. If the liquid is forced through the v roll of fabric exclusively from'the outer side inwards as-indicated in the drawing by an arrow line, and if the diameter of the cyl-' inder is not too short, the pressure difference N5 of the liquid on the outer side and on the in-' ner side of the roll of fabric is suflicient to securely ,hold the cap-shaped disk on the upper end face of the fabric. and to press 0 this roll of fabric at its lower end on the I similar distance,

bottom of the tank. In these cases the spring maybe omitted.

l The fabric is wound on the cylinder 2, 3 so that both ends of the cylinder project a When the roll of fabric is shorter, i. e. narrower than shown on the drawing, the lower end 5 of the cylinder or the core of the roll projects deeper-into the lower cap 9 and the upper end 4 of the cylinder or core projects deeper into the upper cap 12, this cap being lowered a greater distance on the upper end of the fabric roll either by the pressure of spring-13, or, when no spring is provided, by gravity and by the pressure of the liquid. By the height of the spring 13 pressure on theupper cap 12 can vary according to the height of the roll of fabric or the tension of the spring may be regulated accordingly. This material carrier can therefore be; used for fabrics of different widths. I claim 1. Apparatus for dyeing and wet treating of fabric by circulating liquid, comprising a tank-with lid and having a hole in its bottom, plate, means for circulating liquid through said tank, a cylinder permeable for liquid in said tank adapted to have a roll of fabric wound thereon the lower end of said cylinder projectingthrough said hole in the bottom plate of the tank and the whole inserted in the tank so that the roll of fabric rests at its lower end on the bottom of said in said tank adapted to have a roll of fabric wound thereon the lower end of said cylinder projectlng through said hole in the bottom plate of the tank, a cover of several layers of braided or woven wire on said cylinder, the whole inserted in the tank so that the roll of fabric rests at itslower end on the bottom of said tank, a cap on the bottom of the tank adapted to receive the lower end of said cylinder, a movable cap-shaped disc resting on the upper end of said roll of fabric, a spring resting on said cap-shaped disc and bearing against said lid of said tank, said spring pressingsaid cap-shaped disc against the upper end face of said roll tank, a cap on the bottom of the tank the upper end of said roll of fabric so that both end faces of said roll of fabric are protected against stronger flow of the liquid than at the middle part of the roll.

2. Apparatus for dyeing and wet treating of fabric by circulating liquid, comprisng a tank with a lid and having a hole in its bottom plate, means for circulating liquid through said tank, a cylinder permeable for liquid in said tank adapted to have a roll of fabric wound thereon the lower end of said cyllnder projecting through said hole in the bottom plate of the tank, a cover of several layers of braided or woven wire on said clyhnder, the whole inserted in the tank so t at the roll of fabric rests at its lower end on the bottom of said tank, a cap on the bottom of the tank ada. ted to receive the lower end of said cylin er, a movable capshaped disc, resting on the upper end of said roll of fabric so that both end faces of said roll of fabric are protected against stronger flow of the liquid than at the middle part of the roll.

3. Apparatus for dyeing and wet treating of fabric by circulating liquid, comprising a tank with lid and having a hole in its bottom sai'd tank, a cylinder permeable for liquid 

